In the dynamic landscape of global trade, the maritime and air cargo industries serve as vital  arteries, facilitating the seamless movement of goods across continents. In 2024, airlines  worldwide transported approximately 62 million tonnes of cargo, generating $120 billion in revenue. Although this marks a decline from the pandemic peak in 2021, the sector remains indispensable, supporting international trade valued at $8.3 trillion.

3.7 million tonnes in 2024 to between 5 and 5.8 million tonnes by 2029, reflecting an annual growth rate of 6-9%. In the fiscal year 2023, the total air cargo volume was estimated at 3.14 million tonnes, with international cargo accounting for 1.84 million tonnes and domestic cargo comprising 1.30 million tonnes. Notably, foreign carriers dominate India’s international air cargo market, capturing around 95% of the market share, primarily due to their extensive fleet of widebody freighter aircraft.

Innovations in sustainable shipping are gaining momentum globally. For instance, the resurgence of sail-powered cargo vessels in France aims to reduce the industry’s carbon footprint. Companies like Grain de Sail are pioneering this movement by utilizing wind energy to power their transatlantic journeys, significantly cutting emissions.

The air freight sector is experiencing significant shifts, particularly with the surge in e-commerce. Companies like Shein and Temu have notably increased demand for cargo space from China to the U.S. and Europe, leading to a 40% rise in freight rates from Southern China. This surge has contributed to a sharp increase in air transport demand and freight rates, which are more than double from 2019 levels.